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The "super grid" is coming. When will clean energy enter thousands of households?
Release time:
2021-09-07
Can the Arctic wind light up your home? At the 2017 Summer Davos Forum, the topic of the energy revolution became a hot topic for guests. While people are concerned about "whether global clean energy can be transported over long distances through the power grid", they are also concerned about the changes in future life: how to make new energy power no longer "send more and use less"? How to make clean energy such as wind power and photovoltaics into thousands of households......
Once upon a time, fossil energy brought convenience to human beings, but also brought a lot of trouble to people. The massive use of fossil energy has caused global warming, haze, water pollution and other environmental problems, and energy transformation is imperative. And the gradual breaking of the bottleneck of technology and cost, so that the beautiful picture of human clean energy is approaching.
Technological progress has also led to a continuous decline in the cost of new energy power generation. The prices of global wind power equipment and photovoltaic modules have fallen by more than 20% and 60% respectively in the past five years. At present, the price of long-term wind power purchase agreements in the United States has reached the same level as fossil energy power generation, and the new energy power added in Germany has basically achieved parity with traditional energy sources. In some parts of China, the price of new energy power is already comparable to that of coal power. With the scale effect brought about by more and more new energy power generation projects, there is still room for further reduction in power costs.
At this forum, energy experts proposed two paths around the effective transmission and utilization of clean electricity: grid model and distributed application scenario.
In the "Belt and Road" initiative, China proposed a plan to build a global energy Internet, adopting a "smart grid UHV grid" to "connect" the energy networks of various countries and regions to become a platform for coordinated development, transmission and use of electricity. With such a power grid, it will be possible to send wind power from the Arctic to the south and solar power from North Africa and West Asia to Europe and South Asia respectively.
Building a global energy Internet from top to bottom is a systematic solution to the problem of clean power transmission. However, it is roughly estimated that the project will require a cumulative investment of US $50 trillion million in construction funds and coordination among countries around the world. The huge cost makes it only a long-term goal at present.
Some representatives pointed out that the "bottom-up" promotion of the decentralized application of new energy is a good idea to promote short-term results. Distributed energy is generally built on user terminals, which can be operated independently or connected to the grid. In many countries in Europe and the United States, many residents have realized the spontaneous self-use of clean electricity, and the excess power generation can also be sold online. This has solved the trouble of electricity coming from afar. However, in China, major cities are the main power consumption, and urban space is limited, it is impossible to provide a large area of open space for the layout of solar panels; in contrast, the rural areas are vast, but the demand is insufficient, coupled with the small population of a single family, the limited amount of use, decentralized application is not economical enough.
Whether it is the construction of the "power grid" or the promotion of distributed applications, many domestic and foreign experts believe that the widespread use of new energy is inseparable from the introduction of targeted policies by various countries. This requires the international community to strengthen cooperation and formulate relevant policies to promote the development of new energy from the perspective of pollution prevention and control and win-win cooperation.
To popularize new energy, we should also make good use of market mechanisms, such as improving the carbon emission charging mechanism and carbon sink trading system, raising the cost of using fossil energy, and forcing users to choose more clean energy. Of course, although the use of new energy has brought cleanliness, new energy equipment such as batteries and solar panels will still bring pollution in the production and recycling links. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the new energy industry from the perspective of the whole life cycle. At the same time, the stable application of new energy is also inseparable from the energy storage industry, which requires countries to pay attention to the development of supporting industries.
Clean, energy, new energy, electricity, grid, transmission, cost, application, use
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